Review Question Six

  1. What is meant by the muscular system?
  2. What are the three basic physiological functions of the muscular system?
  3. Define the four physiological characteristics of muscle tissue.
  4. Define fascia, muscle bundle, muscle fibre, myofibril, myofilament, and sarcomere.
  5. Discuss the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction. How does a muscle relax?
  6. Explain the role of each of the following in muscle contraction: actin and myosin, calcium, ATP, glycogen.
  7. Differentiate the term in each of the following pairs:
    1. Tendon and aponeurosis
    1. Muscle origin and muscle insertion
    1. Prime mover and antagonist
    1. Isometric and isotonic contraction
  8. When does oxygen debt occur? What is the role of lactic acid in oxygen debt? How is oxygen debt eliminated?
  9. Name and describe the major actions and innervations of the principal muscles of the head and neck, upper extremities, trunk, and lower extremities.
  10. List different basis according to which muscle are named.